Perform a new and complete overwrite BOS installation from CD
Note:Before you perform this step, make sure you have reliable backups of your data and any customized applications or volume groups. The instructions on how to create a system backup are described later in this article.Using this scenario, you can install the AIX operating system for the first time or overwrite an existing version of the operating system. This scenario involves the following steps:
Step 1. Prepare your system
- There must be adequate disk space and memory available. AIX 5L Version 5.2 and AIX 5L Version 5.3 require 128MB of memory and 2.2GB of physical disk space.
- Make sure your hardware installation is complete, including all external devices.
- If your system needs to communicate with other systems and access their resources, make sure you have the information in the following worksheet before proceeding with the installation:
| Network Attribute | Value |
|---|---|
| Network interface | For example: en0, et0 |
| Host name | |
| IP address | |
| Network mask | |
| Nameserver | |
| Domain name | |
| Gateway |
Step 2. Boot from the AIX product CD
- Insert the AIX Volume 1 CD into the CD-ROM device.
- Make sure all external devices attached to the system, such as CD-ROM drives, tape drives, DVD drives, and terminals, are turned on. Only the CD-ROM drive from which you will install AIX should contain the installation media.
- Power on the system.
- When the system beeps twice, press F5 on the keyboard or 5 on an ASCII terminal. If you have a graphics display, you will see the keyboard icon on the screen when the beeps occur. If you have an ASCII terminal, you will see the word keyboard when the beeps occur.
- Select the system console by pressing F1 or 1 on an ASCII terminal and press Enter.
- Select the English language for the BOS installation menus by typing a 1 in the Choice field. Press Enter to open the Welcome to Base Operating System Installation and Maintenance screen.
- Type 2 to select 2 Change/Show Installation Settings and Install in the Choice field and press Enter.
Welcome to Base Operating System Installation and Maintenance Type the number of your choice and press Enter. Choice is indicated by >>>. 1 Start Install Now with Default Settings 2 Change/Show Installation Settings and Install 3 Start Maintenance Mode for System Recovery 88 Help ? 99 Previous Menu >>> Choice [1]: 2
Step 3. Set and verify BOS installation settings
- In
the Installation and Settings screen, verify that the installation
settings are correct by checking the method of installation (new and
complete overwrite), the disk or disks you want to install, the primary
language environment settings, and the advanced options.
If the default choices are correct, type 0 and press Enter to begin the BOS installation. The system automatically reboots after installation is complete. Go to Step 4. Configure the system after installation.
Otherwise, go to sub-step 2. - To change the System Settings, which includes the method of installation and disk where you want to
install, type 1 in the Choice field and press Enter.
Installation and Settings Either type 0 and press Enter to install with current settings, or type the number of the setting you want to change and press Enter. 1 System Settings: Method of Installation..................New and Complete Overwrite Disk Where You Want to Install..hdisk0 >>> Choice [0]: 1 - Type 1 for New and Complete Overwrite in the Choice field and press Enter. The Change Disk(s) Where You Want to Install screen now displays.
Change Disk(s) Where You Want to Install Type one or more numbers for the disk(s) to be used for installation and press Enter. To cancel a choice, type the corresponding number and Press Enter. At least one bootable disk must be selected. The current choice is indicated by >>>. Name Location Code Size(MB) VG Status Bootable 1 hdisk0 04-B0-00-2,0 4296 None Yes 2 hdisk1 04-B0-00-5,0 4296 None Yes 3 hdisk2 04-B0-00-6,0 12288 None Yes >>> 0 Continue with choices indicated above 66 Disks not known to Base Operating System Installation 77 Display More Disk Information 88 Help ? 99 Previous Menu >>> Choice [0]: - In the Change Disk(s) Where You Want to Install screen:
- Select hdisk0 by typing a 1 in the Choice field and press Enter. The disk will now be selected as indicated by >>>. To unselect the destination disk, type the number again and press Enter.
- To finish selecting disks, type a 0 in the Choice field and press Enter. The Installation and Settings screen now displays with the selected disks listed under System Settings.
- Change the Primary Language Environment Settings to English (United States). Use the following steps to change the Cultural Convention, Language, and Keyboard to English.
- Type 2 in the Choice field on the Installation and Settings screen to select the Primary Language Environment Settings option.
- Type the number corresponding to English (United States) as the Cultural Convention in the Choice field and press Enter.
- Select the appropriate keyboard and language options.
- Verify that the selections are correct in the Overwrite Installation Summary screen, as follows:
Overwrite Installation Summary Disks: hdisk0 Cultural Convention: en_US Language: en_US Keyboard: en_US 64 Bit Kernel Enabled: No JFS2 File Systems Created: No Desktop: CDE Enable System Backups to install any system: Yes Optional Software being installed: >>> 1 Continue with Install 88 Help ? 99 Previous Menu >>> Choice [1]: - Press Enter to begin the BOS installation. The system automatically reboots after installation is complete.
Step 4. Configure the system after installation
- After a new and complete overwrite installation, the Configuration Assistant opens on systems with a graphics display. On systems with an ASCII display, the Installation Assistant opens.
- Select the Accept Licenses option to accept the electronic licenses for the operating system.
- Set the date and time, set the password for the administrator (root user), and configure the network communications (TCP/IP).
Use any other options at this time. You can return to the Configuration Assistant or the Installation Assistant by typingconfigassistorsmitty assistat the command line. - Select Exit the Configuration Assistant and select Next. Or, press F10 or ESC+0 to exit the Installation Assistant.
- If you are in the Configuration Assistant, select Finish now. Do not start the Configuration Assistant when restarting AIX and select Finish.
Perform a nonprompted new and complete overwrite BOS installation from CD
Using this scenario, you can perform a nonprompted new and complete overwrite BOS installation from CD. The first time you install, the BOS installation program presents menus from which you must choose setup options.For subsequent installations, you can change many aspects of the default BOS installation program by editing the bosinst.data file. The bosinst.data file directs the actions of the BOS installation program. The file resides in the /var/adm/ras directory on the installed machine only, and it is not accessible on the commercial tape or the CD on which you received AIX 5L Version 5.3.
Also, the bosinst.data file can be used to replicate one set of installation settings on other machines. For example, system administrators can create a bosinst.data file with settings that can be used to install all the machines they support that have the same configuration.
In this scenario, you will create a bosinst.data file that will not prompt the user during the BOS installation menus.
This scenario involves the following steps:
Note:
If you are overwriting an existing system, gather the TCP/IP information from the system before you begin this scenario. Also, before you perform a new and complete overwrite installation, make sure you have reliable backups of your data and any customized applications or volume groups. The instructions on how to create a system backup are described elsewhere in this article.
Create a customized bosinst.data file
- Use the cd command to change your directory to the /var/adm/ras directory.
- Copy the /var/adm/ras/bosinst.data file to a new name, such as bosinst.data.orig. This step preserves the original bosinst.data file.
- Edit the bosinst.data file with an ASCII editor, as follows:
Note: The following example includes automatic acceptance of software license agreements.
control_flow: CONSOLE = /dev/lft0 INSTALL_METHOD = overwrite PROMPT = noPROMPT = no EXISTING_SYSTEM_OVERWRITE = yes INSTALL_X_IF_ADAPTER = yes RUN_STARTUP = yes RM_INST_ROOTS = no ERROR_EXIT = CUSTOMIZATION_FILE = TCB = INSTALL_TYPE = full BUNDLES = SWITCH_TO_PRODUCT_TAPE = no RECOVER_DEVICES = yes BOSINST_DEBUG = no ACCEPT_LICENSES = yes INSTALL_64BIT_KERNEL = INSTALL_CONFIGURATION = DESKTOP = CDE target_disk_data: LOCATION = SIZE_MB = HDISKNAME = hdisk0 locale BOSINST_LANG = en_US CULTURAL_CONVENTION = en_US MESSAGES = C KEYBOARD = en_US - Verify the contents of the edited bosinst.data file using the bicheck command:
/usr/lpp/bosinst/bicheck bosinst.data
- Copy the edited file to the root directory:
cp /var/adm/ras/bosinst.data /bosinst.data
- Create an ASCII file consisting of one word:
data
- Save the new ASCII file and name it signature.
- Copy the signature file to the root directory.
- Create the supplementary diskette and use it for installation.
Back up the edited bosinst.data file and the new signature file to the diskette with the following command:
ls ./bosinst.data ./signature | backup -iqv
- Insert the diskette in the diskette drive of the target machine you are installing.
- Insert the AIX Volume 1 CD in the CD-ROM drive.
- Boot the system.
Perform a migration BOS installation from CD
Note:If you are overwriting an existing system, gather the TCP/IP information before you begin this scenario. Also, before you perform a migration installation, make sure you have reliable backups of your data and any customized applications or volume groups. The instructions on how to create a system backup are described later in this article.
Using this scenario, you can migrate a system from AIX 4.3.3 (or later) to AIX 5.3.
Step 1. Prepare for the migration
Before starting the migration, complete the following prerequisites:- Ensure that the root user has a primary authentication
method of SYSTEM. You can check this condition by typing the following
command:
# lsuser -a auth1 root
If needed, change the value by typing the following command:# chuser auth1=SYSTEM root
- Before you begin the installation, other users who have access to your system must be logged off.
- Verify that your applications will run on AIX 5L Version 5.3. Also, check if your applications are binary compatible with AIX 5L Version 5.3. For details on binary compatibility, check out the AIX 5L Version 5 binary compatibility Web site. If your system is an application server, verify that there are no licensing issues. Refer to your application documentation or provider to verify on which levels of AIX your applications are supported and licensed. You can also check the AIX application availability guide.
- Check that your hardware microcode is up to date.
- All requisite hardware, including any external devices, such as tape drives or CD/DVD-ROM drives, must be physically connected and powered on.
- Use the
errptcommand to generate an error report from entries in the system error log. To display a complete detailed report, type the following:# errpt -a
- There must be adequate disk space and memory available. AIX 5L Version 5.3 requires 128MB of memory and 2.2GB of physical disk space.
- Run the pre-migration script located in the mount_point/usr/lpp/bos directory on your CD. To mount the CD, run the following command:
# mount -v cdrfs -o ro /dev/cdN /mnt
where "N" is your CD drive number. - Make a backup copy of your system software and data. The instructions on how to create a system backup are described elsewhere in this article.
- Always refer to the release notes for the latest migration information.
Step 2. Boot from the AIX product CD
- If they are not already on, turn on your attached devices.
- Insert the AIX Volume 1 CD into the CD-ROM device.
- Reboot the system by typing the following command:
# shutdown -r
- When the system beeps twice, press F5 on the keyboard or 5 on an ASCII terminal. If you have a graphics display, you will see the keyboard icon on the screen when the beeps occur. If you have an ASCII terminal, you will see the word keyboard when the beeps occur.
- Select the system console by pressing F1 or 1 on an ASCII terminal and press Enter.
- Select the English language for the BOS installation menus by typing a 1 at the Choice field and press Enter. The Welcome to Base Operating System Installation and Maintenance menu opens.
- Type 2 to select Change/Show Installation Settings and Install in the Choice field and press Enter.
Welcome to Base Operating System Installation and Maintenance Type the number of your choice and press Enter. Choice is indicated by >>>. 1 Start Install Now with Default Settings 2 Change/Show Installation Settings and Install 3 Start Maintenance Mode for System Recovery 88 Help ? 99 Previous Menu >>> Choice [1]: 2
Step 3. Verify migration installation settings and begin installation
- Verify
that migration is the method of installation. If migration is not the
method of installation, select it now. Select the disk or disks you want
to install.
1 System Settings: Method of Installation....................Migration Disk Where You Want to Install............hdisk0 - Select Primary Language Environment Settings after install.
- Type 3 and press Enter to select More Options. To use the Help menu to learn more about the options available during a migration installation, type 88 and press Enter in the Installation Options menu. For more information about the installation options available in AIX 5L Version 5.3, see Installation Options in the AIX 5L Version 5.3 Installation Guide and Reference.
- Verify the selections in the Migration Installation Summary screen and press Enter.
- When
the Migration Confirmation menu displays, follow the menu instructions
to list system information or continue with the migration by typing 0 and pressing Enter.
Migration Confirmation Either type 0 and press Enter to continue the installation, or type the number of your choice and press Enter. 1. List the saved Base System configuration files which will not be merged into the system. These files are saved in /tmp/bos. 2. List the filesets which will be removed and not replaced. 3. List directories which will have all current contents removed. 4. Reboot without migrating. Acceptance of license agreements is required before using system. You will be prompted to accept after the system reboots. >>> 0 Continue with the migration. 88 Help ? ------------------------------------------------------------ WARNING: Selected files, directories, and filesets (installable options) from the Base System will be removed. Choose 2 or 3 for more information. >>> Choice[0]:
Step 4. Verify system configuration after installation
After the migration is complete, the system will reboot. Verify the system configuration, as follows:- After a migration installation, the Configuration Assistant
opens on systems with a graphics display. And after a migration
installation, the Installation Assistant opens on systems with an ASCII
display.
For more information about the Configuration Assistant or the Installation Assistant, see the Configuring the Operating System section in the AIX 5L Version 5.3 Installation Guide and Reference. - Select the Accept Licenses option to accept the electronic licenses for the operating system.
- Verify the administrator (root user) password and network communications (TCP/IP) information.
Use any other options at this time. You can return to the Configuration Assistant or the Installation Assistant by typingconfigassistorsmitty assistat the command line. - Select Exit the Configuration Assistant and select Next. Or, press F10 or ESC+0 to exit the Installation Assistant.
- If you are in the Configuration Assistant, select Finish now. Do not start the Configuration Assistant when restarting AIX and select Finish.
- When the login prompt displays, log in as the root user to perform system administration tasks.
- Run the /usr/lpp/bos/post_migration script.
Clone a rootvg using alternate disk installation
Using this scenario, you can clone AIX running on rootvg to an alternate disk on the same system, install a user-defined software bundle, and run a user-defined script to customize the AIX image on the alternate disk. Because the alternate disk installation process involves cloning an existing rootvg to a target alternate disk, the target alternate disk must not be already assigned to a volume group.For information about alternate disk installation, see AIX 5L Version 5.3 Installation Guide and Reference.
Step 1. Prepare for the alternate disk installation
- Check the status of physical disks on your system. Type:
# lspv
Output similar to the following displays:
hdisk0 0009710fa9c79877 rootvg active hdisk1 0009710f0b90db93 None
You can use hdisk1 as our alternate disk because no volume group is assigned to this physical disk. - Check to see if the alt_disk_install
fileset has been installed by running the following (Note: This command
is obsolete in AIX 5L Version 5.3. It has been replaced by
alt_disk_copy, alt_disk_mksysb, and alt_rootvg_op.):
# lslpp -L bos.alt_disk_install.rte
Output similar to the following displays if the alt_disk_install fileset is not installed:
lslpp: 0504-132 Fileset bos.alt_disk_install.rte not installed.
- Using Volume 1 of the AIX installation media, install the alt_disk_install fileset by running the following:
# geninstall -d/dev/cd0 bos.alt_disk_install.rte
Output similar to the following displays:
+-------------------------------------------------------------+ Summaries +-------------------------------------------------------------+ Installation Summary --------------------------------------------------------------- Name Level Part Event Result --------------------------------------------------------------- bos.alt_disk_install.rte 5.3.0.0 USR APPLY SUCCESS - Create a user-defined bundle called /usr/sys/inst.data/user_bundles/MyBundle.bnd that contains the following filesets:
I:bos.content_list I:bos.games
For more information on how to create a user-defined software bundle, see AIX 5L Version 5.3 Installation Guide and Reference. - Create the /home/scripts directory:
mkdir /home/scripts
- Create a user-defined customization script called AddUsers.sh in the /home/scripts directory:
touch /home/scripts/AddUsers.sh chmod 755 /home/scripts/AddUsers.sh
- Edit /home/scripts/AddUsers.sh to contain the following lines:
mkuser johndoe touch /home/johndoe/abc.txt touch /home/johndoe/xyz.txt
Step 2. Perform the alternate disk installation and customization
- To clone the rootvg to an alternate disk, type the following at the command line to open the SMIT menu:
# smit alt_clone
- Select hdisk1 in the Target Disk to Install field.
- Select the MyBundle bundle in the Bundle to Install field.
- Insert Volume 1 of the installation media.
- Type /dev/cd0 in the Directory or Device with images field.
- Type /home/scripts/AddUsers.sh in the Customization script field.
- Press Enter to start the alternate disk installation.
- Check that the alternate disk was created by running the following:
# lspv
Output similar to the following displays:hdisk0 0009710fa9c79877 rootvg hdisk1 0009710f0b90db93 altinst_rootvg
Step 3. Boot from the alternate disk
- By
default, the alternate disk installation process changes the boot list
to the alternate disk. To check this, run the following:
# bootlist -m normal -o
Output similar to the following displays:hdisk1
- Reboot the system. Type:
# shutdown -r
The system boots from the boot image on the alternate disk (hdisk1).
Step 4. Verify the operation
- When the system reboots, it will be running off the alternate disk. To check this, type the following:
# lspv
Output similar to the following displays:hdisk0 0009710fa9c79877 old_rootvg hdisk1 0009710f0b90db93 rootvg
- Verify
that the customization script ran correctly by typing the following:
# find /home/johndoe -print
Output similar to the following displays:
/home/johndoe /home/johndoe/.profile /home/johndoe/abc.txt /home/johndoe/xyz.txt
- Verify that the contents of your software bundle was installed by typing the following:
# lslpp -Lb MyBundle
Output similar to the following displays:
Fileset Level State Description ------------------------------------------------------------ bos.content_list 5.3.0.0 C AIX Release Content List bos.games 5.3.0.0 C Games
Configure NIM using EZNIM
Using this scenario, you can use the SMIT EZNIM option to configure the NIM environment for the first time. The SMIT EZNIM option installs the bos.sysmgt.nim.master fileset and configures the NIM environment. The configuration involves creating the NIM database and populating it with several default entries. Several basic NIM resources will then be created and defined in the NIM database.- Type the following:
# smitty eznim
- Select Configure as a NIM Master and press Enter.
- Select Setup the NIM Master Environment and press Enter.
- Verify that the default selections for software source, volume group, and file system are correct for your environment. Change the selections, if needed.
- Press Enter to begin configuring the NIM environment.
- To display the NIM resources that have been created, do the following:
- Use the SMIT eznim_master_panel fast path to open the EZNIM Master menu.
- Select Show the NIM environment and press Enter.
Install a client using NIM
Using this scenario, you can perform a new and complete BOS installation on a NIM client. It is assumed that you have already configured the NIM master, defined the basic NIM resources, and defined the NIM client you want to install.For a guide on configuring the NIM environment and defining resources, see Configure NIM using EZNIM.
In this scenario you will do the following:
- Perform an BOS (rte) installation.
- Use a bosinst_data resource to perform a nonprompted installation. For information on how to create a bosinst.data file for nonprompted installation, see Perform a nonprompted new and complete overwrite BOS installation from CD.
- Use a resolv_conf resource to configure the network nameserver and domain.
- Type the following:
# smit nim_bosinst
- Select a target for the BOS installation operation.
- Select rte installation for the installation type.
- Select the lpp_source resource for the BOS installation.
- Select the SPOT resource for the BOS installation.
- Select the BOSINST_DATA to use during installation option and select a bosinst_data resource that is capable of performing a nonprompted BOS installation.
- Select the RESOLV_CONF to use for network configuration option and select a resolv_conf resource.
- Select the Accept New License Agreements option and select Yes.
- Accept the default values for the remaining menu options.
- Press Enter to confirm and begin the NIM client installation.
- To check the status of the NIM client installation, type:
# lsnim -l va09
va09:
class = machines
type = standalone
default_res = basic_res_grp
platform = chrp
netboot_kernel = up
if1 = master_net va09 0
cable_type1 = bnc
Cstate = Base Operating System installation is
being performed.
prev_state = BOS installation has been enabled.
Mstate = in the process of booting
info = BOS install 7% complete : 0% of operations
completed.
boot = boot
bosinst_data = bid_tty_ow
lpp_source = 520lpp_res
nim_script = nim_script
resolv_conf = master_net_conf
spot = 520spot_res
cpuid = 0009710F4C00
control = master
Cstate_result = success
Create a system backup to tapeUsing this scenario, you can create and verify a bootable system backup, also known as a root volume group backup or mksysb image.Step 1. Prepare for system backup creationBefore creating system backups, complete the following prerequisites:
Step 2. Create a system backup to tape
Clone a system using a system backup tapeWith a mksysb image, you can clone one system image onto multiple target systems. The target systems might not contain the same hardware devices or adapters, require the same kernel (uniprocessor or multiprocessor), or be the same hardware platform as the source system.Note: AIX 5L Version 5.3 does not support uniprocessor kernel. Beginning in AIX 5L Version 5.2, all devices and kernel support are installed by default during the BOS installation process. If the Enable System Backups to install any system selection in the Install Software menu was set to Yes, you can create a mksysb image that boots and installs supported systems. Verify that your system is installed with all devices and kernel support by typing the following:
Output similar to the following displays:
Use this scenario if your system was not installed with all devices and kernel support during BOS installation. Be sure to boot from the appropriate product media for your system and at the same maintenance level of BOS as the installed source system on which the mksysb was made. For example, use BOS AIX 5.3 media with a mksysb from a BOS AIX 5.3 system. Use this how-to when installing a system backup tape to a different system. In this scenario, you will do the following:
You are then prompted for the BOS installation language and the Welcome screen displays. Continue with the prompted installation, because cloning is not supported in nonprompted installations. If you are cloning from the product CD to restore a backup tape, do not remove the CD from the CD-ROM drive. After the mksysb installation completes, the installation program automatically installs additional devices and the kernel (uniprocessor or multiprocessor) on your system using the original product media you booted from. Information is saved in the BOS installation log files. To view the BOS installation log files, type cd /var/adm/ras and view the devinst.log file in this directory. If the source system does not have the correct passwords and network information, you can make modifications on the target system now. Also, some products (such as graPHIGS) ship device-specific files. If your graphics adapter is different on the target system, verify that the device-specific filesets for graphics-related LPPs are installed. Clean up a failed software installationUsing this scenario, you can clean up software products and service updates after an interrupted or failed installation. The cleanup procedure attempts to delete items that were partially installed or left in an incomplete state. This scenario applies only to the update or installation of optional software products. If your AIX 5L Version 5.3 BOS installation was unsuccessful, see the AIX 5L Version 5.3 Installation Guide and Reference.Note: It is recommended that you first perform a system backup before installing software updates to ensure safe system recovery. See the Create a system backup to tape. The cleanup procedure attempts to revert the update to its previous state. For example, when cleaning up an update that was interrupted in the COMMITTING state, the cleanup procedure attempts to return the update to its APPLIED state. If an update installation is interrupted, run the lslpp -l command to see the current state of the update. For example, if you run lslpp -l on an interrupted update installation, it might report the update status as APPLYING rather than APPLIED.If the interruption occurs during the initial state of an installation, then the cleanup procedure attempts to delete the installation entirely and restore the previous version of the product (if there is one). When the previous version is restored, it becomes the active version. When the previous version cannot be restored, the software is listed by the lslpp -l command as BROKEN. When the product is deleted or BROKEN, you can attempt to reinstall the software. Any product in the BROKEN state cannot be cleaned up; it can only be reinstalled or removed. To initiate a cleanup procedure using SMIT:
installp -C on the command line and press Enter. If prompted to reboot (restart) the system after running the cleanup procedure, then do so now. If you get a message indicating that no products were found that could be cleaned up, you might have executed the cleanup procedure when it was not needed. Try your installation again. Install AIX on a partition using HMC and a CD-ROM devicePrerequisitesIn this procedure, you will perform a new and complete AIX BOS installation on a logical partition using the partition's CD-ROM device. This procedure assumes that there is an HMC attached to the managed system.Before you begin this procedure, you should have already used the HMC to create a partition and partition profile for the client. Assign the SCSI bus controller attached to the CD-ROM device, a network adapter, and enough disk space for the AIX operating system to the partition. Set the boot mode for this partition to be SMS mode. After you have successfully created the partition and partition profile, leave the partition in the Ready state. For instructions about how to create a logical partition and partition profile, refer to the Creating logical partitions and partition profiles article in the IBM eServer Hardware Information Center. Step 1. Activate the partition
Step 2. In the SMS menu on the vterm
Step 3. Boot from the AIX 5L Volume 1
Step 4. Verify or change BOS installation settings
Step 5. Switch the partition to Normal Mode
Step 6. Complete the BOS installation
Install AIX on a partition without an HMC using the CD-ROM deviceIn this procedure, you will use the system's built-in CD-ROM device to perform a new and complete AIX BOS installation on the standalone system.Step 1. Prepare your system
Step 2. Boot from the AIX product CD
Step 3. Set and verify BOS installation settings
Step 4. Configure the system after installation
Step 5. Manage your system When the installation is complete and the system has rebooted, the vterm window displays a login prompt. |
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